In a major step towards peace and stability in Manipur, the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has sanctioned ₹28.99 crore under the Security Related Expenditure (SRE) scheme for constructing two designated camps for the Pambei-led UNLF-P (United National Liberation Front – Progressive). The funding aims to accommodate members of the UNLF-P, which signed a tripartite peace agreement with the Central and Manipur state governments on November 29, 2023.
The approved Peace Camps will house 300 to 400 cadres each, providing a structured environment for rehabilitating and reintegrating former insurgents into mainstream society.
UNLF-P Peace Agreement and Camp Construction Plan
Background of the UNLF-P Peace Deal
The UNLF-P, a breakaway faction of the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), signed a historic peace accord with the Government of India and the Manipur State Government in November 2023. The deal was part of India’s efforts to end insurgency in the Northeast by bringing militant groups into the peace process.
Approval of Designated Peace Camps
As part of the peace agreement, the government proposed constructing six designated camps to house demobilized cadres. The sites identified for these camps were:
- Ingourok and Nongshum (Imphal East district)
- Kakching Khunou (Kakching district)
- Phayeng (Imphal West district)
- Saiton (Bishnupur district)
- Jiribam district
However, the MHA approved only two camps at Kakching Khunou and Ingourok, under the name “Peace Camp,” to initially accommodate 400 cadres each.
Importance of MHA’s ₹28.99 Crore Allocation
The ₹28.99 crore funding under the Security Related Expenditure (SRE) scheme will:
- Ensure the proper rehabilitation of UNLF-P cadres under government supervision.
- Provide security and basic amenities for demobilized insurgents transitioning to civilian life.
- Strengthen peace efforts in Manipur by reducing insurgent activity and encouraging dialogue.
- Contribute to the long-term stability of Northeast India by facilitating conflict resolution.
Although the peace agreement recognized over 2,500 registered cadres, the two approved camps can only house up to 800 members, indicating that more camps may be needed in the future.
Impact of the UNLF-P Peace Agreement on Manipur
Reduction in Insurgency and Violence
The UNLF-P surrendering arms reduces militant activities in Manipur. Strengthened law and order will encourage investment and economic development.
Rehabilitation of Former Insurgents
The government’s plan includes employment opportunities and skill development programs. Integration into mainstream society ensures long-term peace.
Strengthened Government Control in Conflict Zones
The construction of designated camps provides a safe and controlled environment for former militants. Increased governance and infrastructure development will improve security.
Encouragement for Other Insurgent Groups to Join the Peace Process
The UNLF-P accord sets a precedent for other insurgent factions to negotiate peace agreements. There is potential for similar peace deals with other Northeast insurgent groups.
Challenges in Implementing the Peace Deal
Despite the positive aspects of the UNLF-P peace accord, certain challenges remain.
- Limited accommodation: With over 2,500 cadres acknowledged in the peace deal but only 800 spaces available, more infrastructure is required.
- Skepticism among other militant groups: Some insurgent factions may still resist peace negotiations.
- Ensuring long-term rehabilitation: Sustainable employment and economic opportunities must be provided to prevent ex-cadres from returning to militancy.
- Local resistance: Some communities may oppose the construction of camps, fearing security concerns.
For sustainable peace in Manipur, the government must:
- Expand the “Peace Camp” initiative to include more facilities for the remaining cadres.
- Provide economic incentives and vocational training for ex-militants.
- Enhance security measures to prevent breakaway factions from resuming insurgent activities.
- Encourage more insurgent groups to participate in peace talks.
- Engage local communities to ensure acceptance of the rehabilitation program.
The MHA’s ₹28.99 crore sanction for constructing two UNLF-P Peace Camps in Manipur marks a critical step in the state’s journey towards peace and stability. By providing a structured rehabilitation process for former militants, the government is taking proactive measures to end insurgency in Northeast India.