Guwahati, October 9, 2025:
Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma publicly affirmed that the ongoing Assam ST status demand is genuine and legitimate, and even stated that BJP workers might join the protests. His remarks mark a notable shift in tone toward communities agitating for Scheduled Tribe recognition.
The statements come amid intensifying demonstrations by tea-garden, Adivasi, and indigenous groups in Assam demanding ST status, land rights, and better wages. In a political landscape where identity and reservation issues dominate, Sarma’s endorsement could have far-reaching implications.
What Sarma Said: “Genuine Demand, BJP Workers May Join”
In his address, CM Sarma emphasized that the protestors’ calls for Scheduled Tribe status are not fringe demands but reflect deep-rooted grievances. He described the movement as “genuine,” and added that even members of his own party may join in solidarity.
He also appealed for calm and engagement, suggesting that dialogue and negotiation would lead to resolution rather than conflict.
This is a politically significant stance — backing the protesters’ cause while keeping open the door for reconciliation.
The Protest Background: Who Is Demanding ST Status?
Tea Tribes & Adivasi Communities Lead Protests
The unrest is largely fueled by tea-garden communities and Adivasi groups in Assam. These groups argue they have long been marginalized socioeconomically, and demand ST status, which brings constitutional safeguards, reservation in jobs and education, and social welfare schemes.
In Tinsukia, thousands of demonstrators blocked roads and staged rallies demanding ST status, land rights, and higher daily wages for tea workers.
Six Ethnic Communities at the Core
The communities agitating include Tai Ahom, Koch Rajbongshi, Chutia, Morans, Muttocks, and Tea Tribes. Many of these were promised ST status in election manifestos but have seen little concrete progress.
Critics and tribal groups, however, have argued against blanket inclusion, citing cultural, economic, and social indicators required for ST classification.
Political Stakes and Implications
BJP’s Internal Dynamics
CM Sarma’s indication that BJP workers may join the protest suggests the ruling party may align with the cause — or risk internal dissent. It is rare for party workers to side with protest movements against their own administration.
This shift can either be a strategic move to defuse opposition or a signal that the ST demand has gained unavoidable legitimacy.
Electoral Considerations
With the Assam assembly elections approaching, the ST status demand holds significant electoral weight. The affected groups can influence several constituencies, especially in Upper Assam and tea belt districts.
Any move by BJP or state government to partially concede or promise redress could sway outcomes in key regions.
Voices from the Ground
Leaders of protest coalitions such as All Assam Tea Tribes Students’ Association (ATTSA) and All Adivasi Students’ Association of Assam (AASAA) have repeatedly pressed the government for action.
In recent protests, placards and slogans demanded, “No ST, no rest.” Activists accuse successive governments of “betrayal” over uninterrupted delays.
Some activists see Sarma’s remarks as a breakthrough — while skeptics warn against mere verbal assurances.
Challenges & Roadblocks Ahead
- Legal/constitutional criteria: Granting ST status is not automatic; it requires central government action, and communities must satisfy criteria in culture, language, social backwardness, etc.
- Opposition from existing tribal groups: Some tribal bodies oppose inclusion of tea tribes, arguing it dilutes reserved benefits.
- Implementation delays: Even with promises, bureaucratic inertia has historically delayed ST recognition bills.
- Political backlash: Existing voter groups may view concessions as threat or favoritism.
What Could Follow: Policy Moves & Prospects
If the government acts, this may involve:
- Constitutional amendment or presidential notification under Articles 341/342.
- State–Centre negotiations to push Parliament to accept new ST lists.
- Interim relief measures like enhanced welfare schemes, land rights, wage hikes, even before full ST status is granted.
- Engagement committees involving protest leaders, civil society, political parties to guide the process.
The government may also attempt phased inclusion, recognizing some communities earlier than others.
The Path Forward
- Dialogue over confrontation: Authorities must engage protest leaders in sustained talks rather than repressive measures.
- Transparent process: Publish criteria and status of each demand publicly to prevent misinformation.
- Interim support: While ST status is pending, provide socioeconomic relief (land pattas, wage revision, education quotas).
- Media & civic awareness: Citizens should stay informed and pressure representatives to act.
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