The 12,500 MW Siang Upper Multipurpose Project has sparked intense debate and protests in Arunachal Pradesh, with concerns over displacement, environmental impact, and misinformation dominating discussions. Chief Minister Pema Khandu has accused external activists of spreading false narratives about the project, emphasizing its multipurpose benefits beyond merely being a dam.
This ambitious project, located on the Siang River, has encountered protests from local communities and activists, highlighting the complexities of balancing development and ecological preservation.
CM Pema Khandu Denounces Misinformation Campaign
On Wednesday, Chief Minister Pema Khandu addressed the ongoing controversy during an event at the Police Training Centre in Banderdewa. He accused activists from outside Arunachal Pradesh of misleading locals about the project, asserting that the initiative is far more than a dam.
“This is not just about constructing a dam; it is a multipurpose project that will benefit the state in multiple ways. However, some people are deliberately creating doubts in the minds of locals,” Khandu stated.
Khandu assured the public that both state and central governments are committed to addressing concerns about the project. He pledged to provide clarity by presenting official viewpoints to dispel any doubts.
Protests Erupt in Upper Siang District
Despite assurances, the project has faced staunch opposition. Villagers in Komkar, primarily women, staged protests against the dam, citing concerns over:
- Displacement of families.
- Loss of ancestral lands.
- Threats to biodiversity and the local ecosystem.
Protesters accused the government of neglecting their rights and demanded an immediate suspension of the project. Banners and slogans criticized the state’s handling of the issue, while calls for the withdrawal of security forces were made.
Controversy over Pre-Feasibility Reports (PFR)
The controversy intensified when the Siang district administration requested village leaders to accommodate Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) conducting pre-feasibility reports (PFR) in Riew village. This sparked outrage among locals, with groups like the Siang Indigenous Farmers Forum (SIFF) demanding an immediate halt to the surveys.
The SIFF and other organizations argue that:
- Stakeholders’ consent is crucial before proceeding with any feasibility studies.
- The project threatens local livelihoods and the environment.
- The deployment of security forces intimidates affected communities.
Activist Ebo Mili criticized the heavy security presence, stating, “The forces are meant to suppress opposition from families who have already rejected the project.”
Legal Challenges and Court Rulings
Adding to the complexity, a 2022 Gauhati High Court order had canceled all 44 proposed dam projects on the Siang River due to procedural lapses. The state government had assured compliance with the court’s ruling.
However, activists allege that surveys and feasibility activities for the Siang project are still being conducted, undermining the court order. Groups like the All Adi Welfare Society and the Bango Students Union have staged protests demanding adherence to legal procedures and respect for local consent.
Villagers in Parong have also filed complaints against NHPC, accusing the power company of conducting unauthorized surveys.
Government’s Response and Path Forward
Amid rising tensions, CM Khandu’s visit to Boleng in the Siang district on Thursday is being closely watched. Scheduled events, including the inauguration of a district hospital and circuit house, are expected to provide an opportunity for Khandu to address public grievances and outline the state’s position on the project.
Khandu emphasized his commitment to democratic principles and accurate public communication, stating, “I assure you, I will address these concerns transparently.”
The Larger Debate: Development vs. Conservation
The Siang Upper Multipurpose Project is one of the largest proposed development initiatives in Arunachal Pradesh, promising significant economic and infrastructural benefits, including renewable energy and irrigation. However, it also raises crucial questions about:
- The balance between development and environmental sustainability.
- Respecting local communities’ rights and ancestral lands.
- Transparency in government actions and adherence to legal frameworks.
The 12,500 MW Siang Upper Multipurpose Project represents both an opportunity for Arunachal Pradesh’s growth and a flashpoint for environmental and social concerns. As protests escalate and legal challenges persist, the government faces the critical task of balancing development aspirations with the rights and concerns of local communities.
Chief Minister Pema Khandu’s commitment to addressing misinformation and fostering dialogue will be crucial in navigating this complex issue. The upcoming events in Siang district may set the tone for future deliberations on one of Arunachal’s most ambitious but contentious projects.
