The central government has completed a detailed assessment of the Sikkim glacial lake hazard in Gyalshing district. This marks a vital step in reducing flood risks caused by melting glaciers in the Eastern Himalayas.
The Sikkim glacial lake hazard study, led by the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) along with ISRO and the Central Water Commission, focused on identifying potential Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) and preventing future disasters.
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Gyalshing Lakes Marked as Critical
Out of the 12 glacial lakes surveyed, experts classified three as high-risk. These lakes lie near the Lhonak and Rathong glaciers. Their size, moraine stability, and rate of glacial melt raised serious concerns.
The assessment team used satellite imagery, drone mapping, and on-ground inspection to evaluate each site. They also worked with local officials and village leaders to understand past lake behavior and seasonal changes.
Notably, the glacial lakes have expanded significantly due to faster ice melt. Combined with steep slopes and seismic activity, this creates ideal conditions for sudden outbursts.
Centre Pushes for Prevention, Not Just Reaction
Union Minister Kiren Rijiju applauded the swift completion of the survey. While reviewing the findings, he stated that after the 2023 Teesta flash flood, early detection and mitigation had become a national priority.
“Instead of waiting for disaster, we must act now. This assessment helps us respond smarter and faster,” Rijiju emphasized.
Consequently, the Centre directed the installation of real-time water-level monitoring systems. Moreover, early warning sirens will be set up in nearby settlements.
Local and National Bodies Collaborate
The Sikkim glacial lake hazard project reflects close cooperation between national agencies and local authorities. The Sikkim State Disaster Management Authority (SSDMA) and Gyalshing’s district team played active roles in the on-ground execution.
District Collector Tashi Chopel shared that public meetings were held in schools and village halls to spread awareness. As a result, more people are now aware of early symptoms of glacial instability.
Experts also proposed building buffer dams and reinforcing lake walls with rock barriers. These structures can help reduce the force of any potential lake burst.
Communities Voice Concerns and Suggestions
Residents in high-altitude areas like Yuksom and Uttarey appreciated the survey. However, they also highlighted gaps in evacuation infrastructure. Many pointed out that weak mobile networks prevent timely alerts in case of emergencies.
In response, the state government plans to install new mobile towers and radio communication hubs. These systems will improve outreach during disasters and connect isolated villages quickly.
Additionally, local NGOs called for stricter monitoring of construction activities near glacier-fed rivers and lakes.
What’s Next in Risk Management
With the Sikkim glacial lake hazard zones now clearly mapped, the next phase involves real-world prevention. Key steps include:
- Setting up early warning systems before the monsoon
- Installing lake-level sensors and flood-trigger alarms
- Reinforcing bridges and culverts in risk zones
- Training village volunteers in emergency evacuation
Officials say these actions will begin by September, ahead of peak rainfall.
Setting an Example for the Himalayan Belt
Other Himalayan states now look to Sikkim’s model as a guide for tackling glacier-related risks. States such as Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh face similar challenges and may soon launch comparable assessments.
NDMA confirmed that data from Sikkim will feed into a national glacier hazard dashboard. This digital tool will help decision-makers track, compare, and act on real-time glacial risks across India.
By focusing on prevention and preparedness, Sikkim has taken a bold step toward building long-term climate resilience.
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