The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has reported a worrying 29% monsoon rainfall deficit in Sikkim so far this season. According to its latest data, the northeastern Himalayan state received just 628.2 mm of rain from June 1 to July 22, while the normal expected rainfall during this period is 886.6 mm.
This significant shortfall has sparked concerns about agriculture, drinking water availability, and landslide risks. The report places Sikkim under the “deficient” rainfall category, making it one of the worst-affected northeastern states in terms of monsoon activity this year.
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Below-average rain across the state
The rainfall distribution across all four districts of Sikkim—East, West, North, and South—has remained far below average. South Sikkim experienced the worst impact, receiving nearly 40% less rainfall than normal. East Sikkim followed with a deficit of around 25%.
West and North Sikkim also showed lower-than-average rainfall figures, leading experts to caution against delayed sowing and potential crop damage. The shortage is affecting both high-altitude and lowland agricultural zones.
Weak monsoon currents behind the deficit
Meteorologists attribute the deficit to weak monsoon currents over the eastern Himalayas. IMD officials noted that the Bay of Bengal arm of the monsoon has not been strong this year. Furthermore, the positioning of the monsoon trough has remained south of its normal position, which restricted moisture flow into the northeastern region.
Additional global climate factors such as the lingering El Niño effect and slower low-pressure system development in the Bay of Bengal have worsened the situation. As a result, Sikkim, along with neighboring states like Arunachal Pradesh and Meghalaya, has recorded lower rainfall.
Impact on agriculture
Farmers in Sikkim depend heavily on monsoon rains for the kharif season, especially in paddy cultivation. Due to the rain deficit, sowing has been delayed in several parts of the state. The Agriculture Department has confirmed that more than 30% of the usual farmland remains unsown due to dry soil conditions.
In areas like Namchi and Pakyong, local cultivators have reported withering of young plants and poor germination rates. Agricultural experts have urged the state government to step up irrigation support and seed replacement programs to reduce the impact on the upcoming harvest.
Drinking water concerns arise
Beyond farming, the rainfall shortage is also threatening the availability of drinking water in many parts of Sikkim. Streams and springs, which supply water to rural households, have begun to dry up or run slower than usual.
In Gangtok, several residential colonies have faced irregular water supply in July. Authorities have warned that unless rainfall improves in the coming weeks, the problem could become worse in August. The Rural Development Department is already considering alternative water storage solutions for high-demand zones.
Landslide threat remains despite low rainfall
Interestingly, despite the rainfall deficit, the risk of landslides in Sikkim continues. The state’s fragile geology means that even moderate rain can trigger slope failures. Over the past few weeks, multiple minor landslides have been reported along National Highway 10, which connects Sikkim to West Bengal.
The Roads and Bridges Department has deployed teams for rapid response and debris clearance. However, they have emphasized the need for long-term slope stabilization and climate-resilient infrastructure, especially with erratic weather patterns becoming more common.
Government monitoring the situation closely
The Sikkim State Disaster Management Authority (SSDMA) is closely monitoring the rainfall trends and their impact on public services. In a recent briefing, officials stated that contingency plans are in place for possible water shortages or disruptions in farming activities.
State Agriculture Minister L N Sharma has also acknowledged the gravity of the situation. He assured that the government would provide necessary assistance to farmers, including drought-resilient seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation support.
IMD forecast offers little relief
Looking ahead, the IMD’s forecast does not offer much comfort. Rainfall activity in the eastern Himalayan region is likely to remain subdued for the rest of July. Although isolated showers may occur, a significant surge in rainfall is not expected unless the monsoon axis shifts northward.
Farmers and citizens have been advised to use water judiciously and take precautions against crop stress and heatwaves. Local authorities are also working with IMD to receive timely updates and prepare for any extreme weather events.
Climate change a growing concern
Environmental scientists are pointing to climate change as a key factor behind the increasing unpredictability of the monsoon. Over the last decade, Sikkim has witnessed several instances of both excessive rainfall and prolonged dry spells.
“Years like this show how vulnerable the region is to climate anomalies,” said Dr. Nima Dorjee, a climate researcher at Sikkim University. He stressed the need for better forecasting systems, community-based adaptation, and strong water conservation strategies across all levels.
Sikkim’s 29% rainfall deficit this monsoon has highlighted the urgent need for climate-resilient planning in the state. With agriculture, water supply, and disaster preparedness at stake, the government and citizens must work together to cope with the ongoing shortfall.
While the monsoon season continues, the window for recovery is narrowing. Proactive steps now can help Sikkim avoid larger environmental and economic challenges in the coming months.
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